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Clinical Mysteries • Clinical Pharmacology

The Cough That Wasn’t an Infection

A persistent dry cough survived two antibiotic courses. The answer was hiding in the prescription list.

A clinical reasoning story for medicos and doctors • Educational composite case

The cycle

The cough had lasted for weeks. Chest examination and imaging were reassuring, but repeated antibiotics did not change it.

A better question

Instead of asking only when the cough began, the clinician asked what changed shortly before it began. A blood-pressure medicine had been started around the same time.

The twist

The pattern was consistent with an ACE-inhibitor-associated cough. After medical review and an appropriate alternative, the cough gradually resolved.

Take-home message

Before escalating treatment for a persistent symptom, review the medication list. Drug adverse effects can imitate common diseases.

Diagnostic principle: do not let the first plausible label stop the search when an important detail does not fit.
Educational note: This is a teaching composite, not a substitute for patient-specific diagnosis or treatment. Real patients require direct clinical assessment and appropriate investigations.